Lesson 1 reader - Lesson 1 . Introducing Non-Fiction . On average, 80% of the reading adults do outside of school is nonfiction. Surprising, isn’t it! Let’s take a closer look. What is fiction? “Fiction” refers to literature created from the imagination. • Mysteries, science fiction, adventure, fantasy, and realistic fiction are all fiction genres. •

 
2. How would you describe the style of illustrations in this story? 3. What details show Louis's dedication to his job? Quote accurately from the text to support your answer. pg. 26-27. 4. How does Mrs. Jewl's decision to hold a spelling bee contribute to the conflict in the story? 5.. Cen tech 3 in 1 portable power pack troubleshooting

Lesson Summary. An emergent reader is one who is in the beginning stages of learning to read. Lap reading, shared reading, and guided reading are excellent strategies to help young readers along ...The decodable Student Reader for Unit 1 is Snap Shots. Number of Lessons: 32. Lesson Time: 60 minutes each. Each lesson may be divided into shorter segments. Additional Search Terms: reading and writing • decoding • phonics • grammar • listening and speakingLiteracy is the key to understanding—across time, borders, and cultures—and will help students recognize and embrace the role they play in the world they are creating. Wonders is an evidence-based K–5 ELA program that empowers students to take an active role in learning and exploration. Your students will enjoy unparalleled opportunities ... The lessons explore the literature through a reader-response approach. Lesson Plan 1 – Reader Response: Pat Mora. Alfredo Lujan uses a reader-response approach to explore the poetry of Pat Mora. The students write and present their own poems in response to the works in Mora’s collection My Own True Name. By arranging for students to share ...- Work closely with a small group of struggling readers. 40 Minutes Comprehension & Vocabulary: National Geographic Materials Teacher’s Guide: Plants Theme Builder Concept Book: Plants Learning Masters page 25 and 26 Audiolesson 1 Lesson 2: Plants Develop Concepts and Vocabulary - Develop Oral LanguageArabic Reader 1 by Dr V. Abdur Rahim. However, I think I need the key to the exercises. As I am planning to study this book on my own, I think I am going to need the answer key. Could anyone please let me know if there is an answer key to the book? 2. How would you describe the style of illustrations in this story? 3. What details show Louis's dedication to his job? Quote accurately from the text to support your answer. pg. 26-27. 4. How does Mrs. Jewl's decision to hold a spelling bee contribute to the conflict in the story? 5.Spelling Words: yet, web, pen, wet, leg, hen Words to Know: all, does, here, me, my, whoDistrict Office; 1920 Long Street, Sweet Home, OR 97386; Phone: 541-367-7126 Fax: 541-367-7105 After analyzing the text, identify what rhetorical strategy Franklin uses to connect with the reader as he walks through each step of the first week of his experiment with virtue. -personal story. -inductive reasoning. -allusion. -deductive reasoning. reflect on oneself. After completing the reading, assess what Benjamin Franklin hoped to ... 1. Compare and contrast in informational texts. 2. Identify the author's purpose. 3. Determine the main idea of a passage. Vocabulary. 4. Use the meanings of words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots.Leveled Books. Ensure success in your classroom and beyond with engaging, developmentally appropriate books at various levels of text complexity. Graduated levels of difficulty build students' confidence while increasing comprehension and fluency. Reading A-Z books support instruction in comprehension, vocabulary, close reading of text, and more.Unit 1 Textbook section IXL skills Lesson 1: Friendship Text-based comprehension 1.What is the picture about? CGN Phonics and spelling 2.Choose the short a word that matches the picture A57 Vocabulary 3.Sort words into categories R89 4.Which word is not like the others? 9S3 Language and writing 5.Is the noun a person, animal, place, or thing? JCV Journey’s Reader’s Notebook. Unit 1. Lesson 01 – The School Story (Pages 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8) Lesson 02 – Knots in My Yo-yo String. Lesson 03 – The Making of a Book. Lesson 04 – The ACES Phone. Lesson 05 – The Myers Family. Unit 2. Text-based comprehension. 1. Choose the text that matches the writer's purpose. 2. Read along about science and nature. Decoding/spelling. 3. Spell the long a word: silent e, ai, ay. 4. 1. Match each cause to its effect. 2. Read myths, legends, and fables. Phonics and spelling. 3. Put two syllables together to create a word: easier. 4. Put two syllables together to create a word: harder.Introduce the Readers Theatre Rubric and make sure that students are aware of how their performance will be assessed. 3. Place students in groups to work with selected scripts, and assign students in each group the role (or roles) they will read. 4. Have students use a highlighter to highlight their roles in the script. The McGuffey Eclectic Readers are numbered according to reading levels, not grade levels. The following are guides for grade level ranges, but placement will depend on whether your child is an average or advanced reader. Primer: Grade K-1. First Reader: Grades 1-2. Second Reader: Grades 2-3. Third Reader: Grades 3-4. Fourth Reader: Grades 4-6CKLA Unit 6: Kindergarten Skills—Kit. In Unit 6 students are encouraged to automatize the letter-sound correspondences and blending procedures they have learned so far. They are introduced to consonant clusters, letter names, rhyming words, and reading text independently. The decodable Student Reader (with Big Book) for Unit 6 is.Journey’s Reader’s Notebook. Unit 1. Lesson 01 – The School Story (Pages 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8) Lesson 02 – Knots in My Yo-yo String. Lesson 03 – The Making of a Book. Lesson 04 – The ACES Phone. Lesson 05 – The Myers Family. Unit 2.Are you a student or a caregiver? Please contact your teacher or school administrator for your login instructions.10/7/2018 Journeys Reader's Notebook SE, G5 ... Lesson 1 R E A D E R ’ S N O T E B O O K A Package for Mrs. Jewls Short Vowels Spelling: Short Vowels Being a Reader is comprehensive K–5 reading instruction, developing both foundational skills and comprehension, while fully integrating social skills.1. Open the short a family file folder from the previous session, and remind students that they have learned four word families: –at, –an, –ap, and –ack. Quickly sort three or four word cards together. Reinforce the blending of the onset and rime as you sort the cards, and then read the words aloud together. 2.Introduce the Readers Theatre Rubric and make sure that students are aware of how their performance will be assessed. 3. Place students in groups to work with selected scripts, and assign students in each group the role (or roles) they will read. 4. Have students use a highlighter to highlight their roles in the script. Reading lessons, decodable books, reader's theater scripts, reading worksheets and assessments. Fluency passages to improve reading rate, accuracy and expression. Phonological awareness and phonics lessons, flashcards, worksheets. Vocabulary books, graphic organizers, word sorts and other vocabulary resources. “I absolutely love Reading A-Z!Reading Anchor Charts, Reader's Notebook, Unit 1, RUOS, Lucy Calkins. Created by. Monica Dawn Designs. This is a complete bundle of anchor chart needed in order to teach the first unit 1 for SECOND GRADE. Included are 8.5"x11" versions of the anchor charts to be used to display in your classroom. SUBSTEP A 1 Tap out sounds, blend into a word and write the word on the line. a s a d = m a d = r a t = s a t = m a t = r a g = m a p = r a p = 1.1 A Limited permission to copy/transmit directly to students during extended school closures. 3-16-20First Reader: Book 1 The words in this reader comprise all of the letter sounds and spellings learned in Lessons 1 through 14 in Blumenfeld’s Alpha-Phonics: Short Ăă, Mm, Nn, Ss, Tt, Xx, Dd, Ww, Ll, Bb, Cc, Gg, Ff, Jj, Ll, Nn, Pp, Rr, Tt, Vv, Yy, Zz, ck, qu. FKGL = Flesch Kincaid Grade Level.Pre-reader Express (2023) Learn computer science by trying the lessons below at your own pace! Learn to create computer programs, develop problem-solving skills, and work through fun challenges! Make games and creative projects to share with friends, family, and teachers. 1. Displaying all worksheets related to - 6th Grade Readers Notebook. Worksheets are 6th grade reading comprehension work, Ixl ela journeys textbook and readers notebook 6th grade, 6th grade writing work, 6th grade english language arts unit 1 the heros journey, 6th grade unit 1 lesson, Interactive reading literature notebooks, 6th grade unit 1 lesson, Readers and writers notebook grade 6 answers.Pre-reader Express (2023) Learn computer science by trying the lessons below at your own pace! Learn to create computer programs, develop problem-solving skills, and work through fun challenges! Make games and creative projects to share with friends, family, and teachers. 1. I - OBJECTIVES In charting the course of your journey in this module, you are expected to: 1. define a reader-response approach; 2. critique literary selections based on the reader-response approach. A. Content Standards The learner demonstrates understanding of how world literature and other text types serve as. 1. Read about animals. 2. Determine the order of events in informational texts. Decoding/Spelling. 3. Put two syllables together to create a word. 4. Use spelling patterns to sort long and short vowel words.I - OBJECTIVES In charting the course of your journey in this module, you are expected to: 1. define a reader-response approach; 2. critique literary selections based on the reader-response approach. A. Content Standards The learner demonstrates understanding of how world literature and other text types serve as. Decodable readers or text allow students to decode words and be successful readers. Because decodable readers contain so much decodable text it allows students to apply and practice the phonics skills we’ve taught in whole group lessons during our BOOTCAMP phonics time. Decodable readers are a key part of the systematic, explicit phonics ...1. Compare and contrast in informational texts. 2. Identify the author's purpose. 3. Determine the main idea of a passage. Vocabulary. 4. Use the meanings of words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots.2) -- 1 decodable reader (Unit 3: Nature near and far) -- 1 Benchmark and unit tests (Teacher's ed.) -- 1 comprehensive language and literacy guide -- Curious about words (teacher's manual, sampler) 1 grab-and-go lesson folder (lesson 14, sampler) -- 1 plastic packet of instructional cards sampler (20 cards) -- Leveled readers for guided ...Learn "The Grammar of English" using McGuffey's Readers.Phonograph word families:oo as in:bookcookhooklooktooknookbrookcrookshookear (long e) as in:bearpeart... This set of guided reading lesson plans has 48 printable leveled books, detailed lesson plans, word work, sentence work, assessments, and more! Students will LOVE the engaging books and reading ta. Subjects: English Language Arts, Reading. Grades: K - 1 st. Leveled Books. Ensure success in your classroom and beyond with engaging, developmentally appropriate books at various levels of text complexity. Graduated levels of difficulty build students' confidence while increasing comprehension and fluency. Reading A-Z books support instruction in comprehension, vocabulary, close reading of text, and more.Every introductory and reinforcing lesson, plus comprehension questions to go along with each leveled reader in Level 2 and 3. and spelling word lists for each skill Levels 1, 2, and 3. Subjects: Early Intervention , Phonics , ReadingFocus: Unit 1 reinforces many of the skills taught and practiced in the grade 2 Skills program. Students also read a series of literary excerpts in the Student Reader, Classic Tales. In addition, a Beginning-of-the-Year Assessment is administered to each student in order to identify code knowledge gaps. Number of Lessons: 15Lesson 1 Name Date READER’S NOTEBOOK Grade 3, Unit 1 A Fine, Fine School Independent Reading A Fine, Fine School The Fine, Fine School Times Tillie is writing an article for the school newspaper, The Fine, Fine School Times. Her article will tell the real story. Use the text and illustrations to help her write the article.Spanish 1 By the end of Lesson Two, you’ll have acquired some of the sounds of your new language, and the Reading Lessons begin. Our approach is systematic.Spelling Words: yet, web, pen, wet, leg, hen Words to Know: all, does, here, me, my, whoDisplaying all worksheets related to - 6th Grade Readers Notebook. Worksheets are 6th grade reading comprehension work, Ixl ela journeys textbook and readers notebook 6th grade, 6th grade writing work, 6th grade english language arts unit 1 the heros journey, 6th grade unit 1 lesson, Interactive reading literature notebooks, 6th grade unit 1 lesson, Readers and writers notebook grade 6 answers.Reading Anchor Charts, Reader's Notebook, Unit 1, RUOS, Lucy Calkins. Created by. Monica Dawn Designs. This is a complete bundle of anchor chart needed in order to teach the first unit 1 for SECOND GRADE. Included are 8.5"x11" versions of the anchor charts to be used to display in your classroom. Start studying New Practical Chinese Reader 1 - Lesson 1. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Unit 1 Textbook section IXL skills Lesson 1: Friendship Text-based comprehension 1.What is the picture about? CGN Phonics and spelling 2.Choose the short a word that matches the picture A57 Vocabulary 3.Sort words into categories R89 4.Which word is not like the others? 9S3 Language and writing 5.Is the noun a person, animal, place, or thing? JCVProvides a systematic and cumulative approach to teach total word structure for decoding and encoding. addresses decoding, encoding, oral reading fluency, and comprehension in a sensible and logical fashion. all instruction is multisensory and interactive. Uses a unique “sound tapping” system. Is a comprehensive program that follows ...Lowndes County Schools has adopted a new reading series for the 2015-2016 school year. Our new series is Journeys. We are very excited to implement this program in our schools. I hope you find the following information helpful as we go through the year. By clicking on words in blue text, a web address will appear.Leveled Books. Ensure success in your classroom and beyond with engaging, developmentally appropriate books at various levels of text complexity. Graduated levels of difficulty build students' confidence while increasing comprehension and fluency. Reading A-Z books support instruction in comprehension, vocabulary, close reading of text, and more. • Lesson Dictation Paper (from Step 7) • Optional: Alternate Dictation Sentences (Appendix) • Make a dash for each word in a sentence • Write and say sentences Independent Practice & Assessment • Independent Practice 1 and 2 (Workbook pp. 119–120) • Concept Mastery Fluency Drill 1.5 (BLM p. 53)—1 master copy and 1 copy per student Pre-AP English 1. Pre-AP English 1 focuses on reading, writing, and language skills that are relevant to students’ current work and essential for students' future to future high school and college coursework. Texts take center stage, preparing students for close, critical reading and analytical writing. The course trains readers to observe ...Nov 19, 2021 · Lesson Summary. An emergent reader is one who is in the beginning stages of learning to read. Lap reading, shared reading, and guided reading are excellent strategies to help young readers along ... In presenting McGuffey’s Revised First Reader to the public, attention is invited to the following features: 1. Words of only two or three letters are used in the first lessons. Longer and more difficult ones are gradually introduced as the pupil gains aptness in the mastery of words. 2. A proper gradation has been carefully preserved. All new2. How would you describe the style of illustrations in this story? 3. What details show Louis's dedication to his job? Quote accurately from the text to support your answer. pg. 26-27. 4. How does Mrs. Jewl's decision to hold a spelling bee contribute to the conflict in the story? 5.Each unit is comprised of: Lessons, including Reading, Writing, Grammar, Morphology, and Spelling activities. A Unit Assessment that evaluates students’ reading comprehension, understanding and retention of academic and domain-specific vocabulary words, as well as the grammar and morphology skills targeted in the unit.Introduce the Readers Theatre Rubric and make sure that students are aware of how their performance will be assessed. 3. Place students in groups to work with selected scripts, and assign students in each group the role (or roles) they will read. 4. Have students use a highlighter to highlight their roles in the script. 1. Compare and contrast in informational texts. 2. Identify the author's purpose. 3. Determine the main idea of a passage. Vocabulary. 4. Use the meanings of words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots.I - OBJECTIVES In charting the course of your journey in this module, you are expected to: 1. define a reader-response approach; 2. critique literary selections based on the reader-response approach. A. Content Standards The learner demonstrates understanding of how world literature and other text types serve as.Start Lessons to a whole class (more than 5 students) at once, before placing students into smaller groups for the full implementation of the program. Pacing Each Quick Start Lesson will take approximately 60–90 minutes to complete. If a 60–90-minute block is not available, teachers can break each lesson over two days as follows: Day 1 ...Reading Buddy Bundle - Level 1. This "just for fun" product features Rocket the dog and contains two bookmarks, a viewfinder, and a sheet of space-themed stickers—perfect for motivating young readers! $4.95.Reading Buddy Bundle - Level 1. This "just for fun" product features Rocket the dog and contains two bookmarks, a viewfinder, and a sheet of space-themed stickers—perfect for motivating young readers! $4.95.District Office; 1920 Long Street, Sweet Home, OR 97386; Phone: 541-367-7126 Fax: 541-367-7105 Alphabet Unit Resources (Lessons 1-34) Alphabet knowledge includes knowledge of the letter names, knowledge of the letter sounds, knowledge of letter formation, and the ability to access this knowledge automatically. The lessons in this unit are designed to build students’ alphabet knowledge and decoding and encoding skills.The lessons explore the literature through a reader-response approach. Lesson Plan 1 – Reader Response: Pat Mora. Alfredo Lujan uses a reader-response approach to explore the poetry of Pat Mora. The students write and present their own poems in response to the works in Mora’s collection My Own True Name. By arranging for students to share ...10/7/2018 Journeys Reader's Notebook SE, G5 ... Lesson 1 R E A D E R ’ S N O T E B O O K A Package for Mrs. Jewls Short Vowels Spelling: Short Vowels Student Reader: First Grade Skills Unit 5 These 100% decodable texts provide children an authentic reading experience and reinforce their sense of success by eliminating the distraction of encountering untaught spelling patterns. The texts are written in the style of chapter books to inspire children to want to read more. 2) -- 1 decodable reader (Unit 3: Nature near and far) -- 1 Benchmark and unit tests (Teacher's ed.) -- 1 comprehensive language and literacy guide -- Curious about words (teacher's manual, sampler) 1 grab-and-go lesson folder (lesson 14, sampler) -- 1 plastic packet of instructional cards sampler (20 cards) -- Leveled readers for guided ... Literacy is the key to understanding—across time, borders, and cultures—and will help students recognize and embrace the role they play in the world they are creating. Wonders is an evidence-based K–5 ELA program that empowers students to take an active role in learning and exploration. Your students will enjoy unparalleled opportunities ...Unit 1 Textbook section IXL skills Lesson 1: Friendship Text-based comprehension 1.What is the picture about? CGN Phonics and spelling 2.Choose the short a word that matches the picture A57 Vocabulary 3.Sort words into categories R89 4.Which word is not like the others? 9S3 Language and writing 5.Is the noun a person, animal, place, or thing? JCVDisplaying all worksheets related to - Readers Notebook Grade 1. Worksheets are Storytown grade 1 practice book, Grade 1 unit 4 readers have big jobs to do reading, First grade lesson plans, All journeys common core 1st grade spelling activities, Volume 2, Readers and writers notebook grade 6 answers, Grade 3 complex sentences a, Lesson 6 name date readers notebook vcv words with long. 1. Compare and contrast in informational texts. 2. Identify the author's purpose. 3. Determine the main idea of a passage. Vocabulary. 4. Use the meanings of words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots.Practical Chinese Reader I Lesson 1 & 2 Designed by John Jing-hua Yin 1 name _____ score _____ Practical Chinese Reader I Lesson 3 ...The book suggests it can be finished in 34 class hours and allow students pass HSK level 1 test. There are 15 lessons in this book. The first and second lessons mainly focus on pronunciation, which includes all basic Pinyin concepts. These two lessons also create a very firm foundation for further study.Each unit is comprised of: Lessons, including Reading, Writing, Grammar, Morphology, and Spelling activities. A Unit Assessment that evaluates students’ reading comprehension, understanding and retention of academic and domain-specific vocabulary words, as well as the grammar and morphology skills targeted in the unit.1. Read about animals. 2. Determine the order of events in informational texts. Decoding/Spelling. 3. Put two syllables together to create a word. 4. Use spelling patterns to sort long and short vowel words.Lesson 1 - The Rainbow. THE RAINBOW. Work in Pairs and make a list of three gifts of nature that you know about. i) River ii) Birds iii) Water. ACTIVITIES. 1. Complete the following sentences by reading the poem "The RAINBOW": a) Boats sail ..... . Boats sail on the rivers. b) .....sail on the seas. And ships sail on the seas.For students who completed the first grade CKLA program, Unit 1 serves as a review. This unit focuses on various spellings with an emphasis on consonant sounds, one- and two-syllable words, and high-frequency Tricky Words. The decodable Student Reader for Unit 1 is. 60 minutes each. Each lesson may be divided into shorter segments. reading and ...Literacy is the key to understanding—across time, borders, and cultures—and will help students recognize and embrace the role they play in the world they are creating. Wonders is an evidence-based K–5 ELA program that empowers students to take an active role in learning and exploration. Your students will enjoy unparalleled opportunities ...Jun 9, 2018 · Pre-A lessons can require a lot of preparation and “stuff!”. I created my Pre-A guided reading activity binders to save myself some prep time. First, I make a binder for each student in the group. (However, the binder is not specific to one particular student. If I have two Pre-A groups with 3 students in each group, I only make 3 binders ...

Lowndes County Schools has adopted a new reading series for the 2015-2016 school year. Our new series is Journeys. We are very excited to implement this program in our schools. I hope you find the following information helpful as we go through the year. By clicking on words in blue text, a web address will appear.. Luyl7zzcahc

lesson 1 reader

I - OBJECTIVES In charting the course of your journey in this module, you are expected to: 1. define a reader-response approach; 2. critique literary selections based on the reader-response approach. A. Content Standards The learner demonstrates understanding of how world literature and other text types serve as. Focus on Reading Build Understanding IntrodUce Have students focus on the following Enduring Understanding as you read the excerpt from The Lemonade War and work through the first lesson: Readers understand characters’ motivations and actions in stories. tSc cover lemonade war First read of the Lesson District Office; 1920 Long Street, Sweet Home, OR 97386; Phone: 541-367-7126 Fax: 541-367-7105Decodable readers or text allow students to decode words and be successful readers. Because decodable readers contain so much decodable text it allows students to apply and practice the phonics skills we’ve taught in whole group lessons during our BOOTCAMP phonics time. Decodable readers are a key part of the systematic, explicit phonics ...Unit 1 Textbook section IXL skills Lesson 1: Friendship Text-based comprehension 1.What is the picture about? CGN Phonics and spelling 2.Choose the short a word that matches the picture A57 Vocabulary 3.Sort words into categories R89 4.Which word is not like the others? 9S3 Language and writing 5.Is the noun a person, animal, place, or thing? JCV 2. How would you describe the style of illustrations in this story? 3. What details show Louis's dedication to his job? Quote accurately from the text to support your answer. pg. 26-27. 4. How does Mrs. Jewl's decision to hold a spelling bee contribute to the conflict in the story? 5.Practical Chinese Reader I Lesson 1 & 2 Designed by John Jing-hua Yin 1 name _____ score _____ Practical Chinese Reader I Lesson 3 ...Episode 1 - Lesson 1. In this series we will learn Arabic language by examples. Please read the sentences below. After completing the sentences we shall go over the rules for this lesson. In Part 1 of Lesson 1 we learn how to use the pronoun هَـٰذَا which means 'This' (called the demonstrative pronoun in grammar).Lesson 1 Name Date READER’S NOTEBOOK Grade 3, Unit 1 A Fine, Fine School Independent Reading A Fine, Fine School The Fine, Fine School Times Tillie is writing an article for the school newspaper, The Fine, Fine School Times. Her article will tell the real story. Use the text and illustrations to help her write the article.Journey’s Reader’s Notebook. Unit 1. Lesson 01 – The School Story (Pages 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8) Lesson 02 – Knots in My Yo-yo String. Lesson 03 – The Making of a Book. Lesson 04 – The ACES Phone. Lesson 05 – The Myers Family. Unit 2. Literacy is the key to understanding—across time, borders, and cultures—and will help students recognize and embrace the role they play in the world they are creating. Wonders is an evidence-based K–5 ELA program that empowers students to take an active role in learning and exploration. Your students will enjoy unparalleled opportunities ... NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Chapter 1 – How the Camel Got His Hump is available for free download on BYJU’S for CBSE 8th Standard students. The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English link of Chapter 1 is provided below, which is solved by our panel of expert teachers according to the latest CBSE guidelines.Upon opening the zip file, simply select the lesson that matches the publication year of your curriculum. This Journeys Grade 6 supplemental pack is created to supplement Unit 1, Lesson 1 (The School Story). The reading responses, activities, and interactive notebook pages focus on the Reading Literature and Language sections of the curriculum.Lesson 1 . Introducing Non-Fiction . On average, 80% of the reading adults do outside of school is nonfiction. Surprising, isn’t it! Let’s take a closer look. What is fiction? “Fiction” refers to literature created from the imagination. • Mysteries, science fiction, adventure, fantasy, and realistic fiction are all fiction genres. • Text-based comprehension. 1. Choose the text that matches the writer's purpose. 2. Read along about science and nature. Decoding/spelling. 3. Spell the long a word: silent e, ai, ay. 4. .

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